An analysis is made of the characteristics of the spatialtemporal distribution of droughts and the change tendency based on statistical data of droughts in China in the last 60 years. The results indicate that the droughtattacked areas, droughtinundated area, and economic loss showed an increasing trend in the past 60 years, and the frequency of droughts also increased. Northwest China, North China, and Mongolia are severe droughtattacked regions, and Mongolia, Shan’xi, Shaanxi, Ningxia, Jilin are the most severe droughtattacked provinces. The fractal characteristics of drought disasters in the time series are studied, based on the fractal dimension theory, with the fractal dimension of drought in China being 1.73, which means that a severe flood disaster is a chaotic system.