閩西北地區(qū)降水回波特征和人工增雨作業(yè)條件分析
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福建省科技廳重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(2009Y006)、2005年福建省氣象局科研課題(200502)和2008年福建省氣象科學(xué)研究所科研課題共同資助


Characteristics of Precipitation Echoes and Conditions for Rocket Precipitation Enhancement Operations in Northwest Fujian
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    摘要:

    利用新一代天氣雷達(dá)回波資料、850 hPa天氣圖和地面降水資料對(duì)閩西北地區(qū)的云雨資源、有利人工增雨作業(yè)的天氣系統(tǒng)、降水回波特征及人工增雨作業(yè)指標(biāo)進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果表明:福建閩西北地區(qū)有利于開(kāi)展人工增雨作業(yè)的主要天氣系統(tǒng)可分為9類:大陸高壓、副高外圍、暖區(qū)輻合、熱帶輻合帶、低槽、臺(tái)風(fēng)(低壓) 、低渦、低渦切變和其他類。積層混合云為當(dāng)?shù)厝斯ぴ鲇甑闹饕鳂I(yè)對(duì)象。積狀云和積層混合云的回波高度和回波面積越大,對(duì)應(yīng)的降水等級(jí)越高。積層混合云的回波強(qiáng)度和負(fù)溫區(qū)厚度對(duì)降水等級(jí)影響明顯。閩西北地區(qū)火箭人工增雨作業(yè)指標(biāo)為:積狀云和積層混合云的回波強(qiáng)度分別為大于30 dBz和25 dBz,回波頂高分別為5500 m和5000 m以上,負(fù)溫區(qū)厚度大于1500 m和2000 m,回波面積大于1000 km2和2500 km2以上,垂直積分液態(tài)水含量大于1 kg〖DK〗·m-2和云系云頂溫度介于-28~-12 ℃之間。

    Abstract:

    The cloud and precipitation resources, weather systems propitious to precipitation enhancement operations, precipitation echo characteristics, and indexes of precipitation enhancement operations in Northwest Fujian are analyzed, based on the CINRAD radar echo images, 850 hPa synoptic charts and surface precipitation data from 299 weather processes from May 2005 to July 2007. The results show that the chief weather systems propitious to precipitation enhancement operations include continental high, subtropical anticyclone, warmsector convergence, tropical convergence, the other, trough, typhoon (low pressure), low vortex, and low vortex shear, respectively. Stratuscumulus mixed clouds were the primary objects of local precipitation enhancement operation. For cumuliform clouds and stratuscumulus mixed clouds, the larger the echo height and area were, the higher the corresponding precipitation grade was. The echo intensity and the depth of negative temperature layer of stratuscumulus mixed clouds had great effects on precipitation grade. The indexes of rocket precipitation enhancement operations in Northwest Fujian were: the echo intensity of cumuliform clouds and stratuscumulus mixed clouds should be larger than 30 and 25 dBz, the echo top should be higher than 5500 and 5000 meters, the depth of negative temperature layer should be larger than 1500 and 2000 meters, the echo area should be larger than 1000 and 2500 square kilometers, the vertically integrated liquid water should be more than 1 kg〖DK〗·m-2 , and the cloud top temperature of nephsystem should range from -28 ℃ to -12 ℃, respectively.

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林長(zhǎng)城,陳彬彬,隋平,王宏,夏輝,陳敏艷.閩西北地區(qū)降水回波特征和人工增雨作業(yè)條件分析[J].氣象科技,2011,39(6):697~702

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  • 收稿日期:2010-06-10
  • 最后修改日期:2011-06-30
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2011-12-21
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