Based on the sand dust weather data and air pollution index from 2005 to 2009, the air quality characteristics of Fujian coastal cities influenced by dust aerosols are analyzed. The air mass backward trajectory simulation method is employed to analyze the dust aerosol sources and transport paths. The results show that the number of days in which air PM10 concentration was influenced by dust aerosols was determined the number of dust events mainly, and the numbers of days influenced by dust in 2006 and 2007 are relatively larger. The monthly change of the number of days influenced by dust aerosol presented a typical single peak, larger between March and June. 〖JP2〗The air pollution index was higher during the dust aerosol period, and the mean API often exceeded the mild pollution degree. Visibility was positively correlated to PM10 during the dust aerosol period. There are three transportation paths: north, west, and northwest. The dust air masses moved toward Fujian coastal cities by the northwest path and north path mainly, with 11 times through the northwest path (50%) and 10 times through the north path (45%) at 300 m and 12 times through the northwest path (57%) and 5 times through the north path (24%) at 800 m altitude.