中國(guó)地面氣溫和降水網(wǎng)格化數(shù)據(jù)精度比較
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氣象關(guān)鍵技術(shù)集成與應(yīng)用重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目“地面自動(dòng)化觀測(cè)資料均一化處理技術(shù)研發(fā)及應(yīng)用”(CMAGJ2015216)和國(guó)家自然基金委面上項(xiàng)目(41371093)共同資助


Validation of Gridded Precipitation and Temperature Data over China
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    摘要:

    采用2013年國(guó)家氣象信息中心逐日的839個(gè)中國(guó)基準(zhǔn)、基本氣象站,2419個(gè)國(guó)家級(jí)地面氣象站,3萬(wàn)個(gè)逐小時(shí)中國(guó)地面站氣溫和降水?dāng)?shù)據(jù),利用ANUSPLIN、SHERPAD和OI插值方法進(jìn)行網(wǎng)格化,比較了日尺度上不同方法插值不同站網(wǎng)密度站點(diǎn)數(shù)據(jù)的精度。結(jié)果表明:臺(tái)站點(diǎn)數(shù)量多的插值結(jié)果,對(duì)降水或氣溫描述的準(zhǔn)確性高,相關(guān)性隨站點(diǎn)密度增加而增大,均方根誤差隨站點(diǎn)密度增加而減少。不同方法得出的相關(guān)性、均方根誤差隨季節(jié)變化明顯,且差異較大,并具有月尺度變化特征。夏季站點(diǎn)數(shù)量相同的不同插值結(jié)果,降水場(chǎng)的相關(guān)系數(shù)、RMSE等評(píng)分指標(biāo)均優(yōu)于年平均,氣溫的相關(guān)系數(shù)則低于年平均。降水場(chǎng)的評(píng)估指標(biāo)時(shí)間序列不確定性更大,波動(dòng)范圍大于氣溫。國(guó)家氣象信息中心制作的基于氣候背景場(chǎng)OI插值的2419站降水場(chǎng)和考慮高程ANUSPLIN插值的2419站氣溫的綜合評(píng)價(jià)較好。

    Abstract:

    The primary goal is to evaluate and discuss the validation of gridded precipitation and temperature data by means of three products (ANUSPLIN,SHERPAD,and Optimal Interpolation Method)at 05°×05° spatial resolution, using the daily data of precipitation and temperature from the network of 2419 national ground meteorological stations and 839 basic/reference meteorological stations from the National Meteorological Information Center (NMIC) of China in 2013 Results show that the accuracy of gridded precipitation and temperature data is higher, when the number of stations is greater. The correlation coefficient increases and the root mean square error (RMSE) decrease with increasing station density, which are different and change with seasons and months. The correlation coefficient and RMSE calculated from gridded precipitation in summer are better than those of the whole year,and the correlation coefficient calculated from gridded temperature in summer is worse than that of the whole year. The time series of evaluation indexes has greater uncertainty and larger fluctuation range for gridded precipitation than for gridded temperature. The comprehensive evaluation of the gridded precipitation data based on the climatic background filed by the Optimal Interpolation Method of NMIC and the elevation of the gridded temperature data by ANUSPLIN of NMIC are better than others.

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廖榮偉,曹麗娟,張冬斌,李元壽.中國(guó)地面氣溫和降水網(wǎng)格化數(shù)據(jù)精度比較[J].氣象科技,2017,45(2):364~374

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  • 收稿日期:2015-08-21
  • 最后修改日期:2016-11-18
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  • 在線發(fā)布日期: 2017-05-04
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