Based on the analysis of the Atmospheric Observing System Operations and Monitoring, 2418 sets of national automatic weather stations produced 9172 automatic station fault maintenance records from 2015 and 2020. This paper analyzes and evaluates the fault maintenance of automatic stations and statistically researches the average fault index (MFI) of automatic stations, average fault-free working time (MTBF) and average fault repair time (MTTR). The results show that: (1) There are more faults in June, July and August, which are mainly concentrated in the collector, communication transmission equipment and power supply equipment. Natural damage accounts for the largest proportion of failure causes. (2) As for the faults of the collector, the failure rates caused by natural damage, lightning strikes, and power supply are higher. (3) In the south, faults caused by power supply and communication are more common, while in the north, faults caused by communication and natural damage are more common. The corresponding maintenance suggestions are put forward according to the fault locations and fault causes.