Using the observation of CE-318 sunphotometer at Lhasa and QOMS_CAS stations in Tibet Plateau, the impact of biomass burning transportation on the aerosol optical radiation properties over the Tibet Plateau is studied during a case of April 2 to 5, 2012. Besides, the possible aerosol sources are analyzed with the satellite remote sensing products and backward trajectory model. The results show that the dominant aerosol types at Lhasa and QOMS_CAS stations changed to biomass-burning aerosol. The extinction of aerosol particles increased,AOD (Aerosol Optical Depth) increased, and the maximum AOD of Lhasa and QOMS_CAS sites were 0.4 and 0.29. Aerosol size decreased, EAE(Extinction Angstrom Exponent)>1.5, aerosol absorption increased, AAE (Absorption Angstrom Exponent) >1.3, and the volume concentration of fine mode particles increased. The peak radius of fine mode particles decreased. The aerosol direct radiation forcing shows that aerosol effect of cooling the top of the atmosphere and the surface at Lhasa and QOMS_CAS stations strengthened, and the effect of heating the atmosphere also strengthened. The possible sources of smoke aerosol were the transportation of biomass burning from Northeast India, Nepal and Bhutan in South Asia.