DR)弧,低層強(qiáng)回波區(qū)對(duì)應(yīng)偏小的差分反射率(ZDR)、低的相關(guān)系數(shù)(CC)和大的差分相移率(KDP),符合融化的冰雹特征。中層觀(guān)測(cè)到ZDR環(huán)、CC環(huán)和三體散射(TBSS)的偏振特征。高層強(qiáng)回波區(qū)對(duì)應(yīng)低的ZDR、較高的CC和低的KDP,對(duì)應(yīng)空中干的大冰雹。垂直方向上觀(guān)測(cè)到ZDR柱和KDP柱,ZDR柱最大發(fā)展高度達(dá)到8 km。X波段相控陣?yán)走_(dá)更快的掃描速度還精細(xì)監(jiān)測(cè)到超級(jí)單體鉤狀回波和中氣旋的形成演變過(guò)程,低層也觀(guān)測(cè)到與S波段雙偏振雷達(dá)類(lèi)似的ZDR弧特征和融化中的冰雹特征,但是使用中要留意衰減造成的影響。"/>
基于S波段雙偏振雷達(dá)和X波段相控陣?yán)走_(dá)的超級(jí)單體觀(guān)測(cè)分析
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廣州市科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2023B04J02332)、廣東省氣象局科技項(xiàng)目(GRMC2020Z08)、雷達(dá)應(yīng)用及強(qiáng)對(duì)流短臨預(yù)警技術(shù)創(chuàng)新團(tuán)(GRMCTD202002)共同資助


Analysis of a Supercell Using S-band Dual-polarization Radar and X-band Phased Array Radar
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    利用廣州S波段雙偏振雷達(dá)和X波段相控陣?yán)走_(dá)資料,對(duì)2022年3月26日一次降雹超級(jí)單體風(fēng)暴成熟階段的雷達(dá)觀(guān)測(cè)特征開(kāi)展分析,結(jié)果表明:超級(jí)單體呈現(xiàn)出鉤狀回波、回波懸垂、中氣旋、三體散射等經(jīng)典結(jié)構(gòu)特征。徑向速度上觀(guān)測(cè)到中低層輻合、高層輻散以及中氣旋和反氣旋共存的雙渦旋結(jié)構(gòu),有助于超級(jí)單體的維持發(fā)展。偏振特征分析發(fā)現(xiàn),超級(jí)單體低層出現(xiàn)了反射率因子(ZDR)弧,低層強(qiáng)回波區(qū)對(duì)應(yīng)偏小的差分反射率(ZDR)、低的相關(guān)系數(shù)(CC)和大的差分相移率(KDP),符合融化的冰雹特征。中層觀(guān)測(cè)到ZDR環(huán)、CC環(huán)和三體散射(TBSS)的偏振特征。高層強(qiáng)回波區(qū)對(duì)應(yīng)低的ZDR、較高的CC和低的KDP,對(duì)應(yīng)空中干的大冰雹。垂直方向上觀(guān)測(cè)到ZDR柱和KDP柱,ZDR柱最大發(fā)展高度達(dá)到8 km。X波段相控陣?yán)走_(dá)更快的掃描速度還精細(xì)監(jiān)測(cè)到超級(jí)單體鉤狀回波和中氣旋的形成演變過(guò)程,低層也觀(guān)測(cè)到與S波段雙偏振雷達(dá)類(lèi)似的ZDR弧特征和融化中的冰雹特征,但是使用中要留意衰減造成的影響。

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    Using the data of Guangzhou S-band dual-polarization radar and X-band phased array radar, we analyze the radar observation characteristics of a supercell on March 26, 2022. The results show that this supercell showed classical structural features such as hook echo, drape echo, and three-body scatter signature (TBSS). Other structures, such as low-level convergence, upper-level divergence, mesocyclone and anticyclones, contributed to the maintenance of the supercell. Analysis of the polarization features shows that the differential reflectivity (ZDR) arc appeared in the low layer of the supercell, and the high reflectivity corresponded to low ZDR, low correlation coefficient (CC) and high specific differential phase (KDP), which conformed to the characteristics of melting hail. The polarization characteristics of the ZDR ring, CC ring and TBSS were observed in the middle layer. The high-rise strong-echo regions corresponded to low ZDR, higher CC, and low KDP, helping to identify large hail. The ZDR and the KDP columns were observed in the vertical direction, and the maximum development height of the ZDR column reached 8 km. The KDP column could reflect changes in the region of the supercell containing large amounts of liquid water droplets, and the KDP foot could identify the region where the heavy precipitation was located. The faster scanning speed of X-band phased array radar could finely monitor the formation and evolution of supercell hook echo and mesocyclones. ZDR arc and melting hail features were also observed at low layers with patterns similar to those by S-band dual-polarization radar, but the effects of attenuation should be dealt with with caution.

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張羽,姚聃,楊金紅,曾琳,馮嘉寶.基于S波段雙偏振雷達(dá)和X波段相控陣?yán)走_(dá)的超級(jí)單體觀(guān)測(cè)分析[J].氣象科技,2023,51(3):419~430

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  • 收稿日期:2022-09-20
  • 定稿日期:2023-04-13
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  • 在線(xiàn)發(fā)布日期: 2023-06-29
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